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Constellation is the first extended exploration of the relationship between Walter Benjamin, the Weimar-era revolutionary cultural critic, and the radical philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche. The affinity between these noncontemporaneous thinkers serves as a limit case manifesting the precariousness and potentials of cultural transmission in a disillusioned present. In five chapters, Constellation presents the changing figure of Nietzsche as Benjamin encountered him: an inspiration to his student activism, an authority for his skeptical philology, a manifestation of his philosophical nihilism, a companion in his political exile, and ultimately a subversive collaborator in his efforts to think beyond the hopeless temporality—new and always the same—of the present moment in history.

Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, --- Benjamin, Walter, --- Benjamin. --- Nietzsche. --- exile. --- nihilism. --- philology. --- revolution. --- student activism. --- temporality. --- tragedy.

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Student movements --- -Activism, Student --- Campus disorders --- Student activism --- Student protest --- Student unrest --- Youth movements --- Student protesters --- History --- -History --- Activism, Student --- United States

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College students --- Student movements --- English --- Languages & Literatures --- American Literature --- Activism, Student --- Campus disorders --- Student activism --- Student protest --- Student unrest --- Youth movements --- Student protesters

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Originally published in 1970. Youth, University, and Democracy examines whether Weber's approach has a greater humanizing value than has been conceded by his opponents and will attempt to demonstrate the humanistic mission of the University and its usefulness for youth and democracy.

Student movements. --- College students --- Political activity. --- Conduct of life. --- Activism, Student --- Campus disorders --- Student activism --- Student protest --- Student unrest --- Youth movements --- Student protesters --- Primary & middle schools

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"Graveyard of Clerics is an ethnographic study of political action in Saudi Arabia. The book studies two phenomena that have rarely been analyzed together in the Middle East: urban sprawl and the politicization of religious activism. Suburbs emerged in Saudi Arabia after WWII, when the US oil company Aramco built racially segregated housing for its American employees and its Saudi, Arab, and Asian workforce. The country became an early non-western testing ground for urban growth techniques that, perfected in the United States before WWII, were widely exported during the Cold War: state guaranteed mortgages, standardized building and subdivision, and extensive freeway systems. Cheap gas, safe loans, and real estate speculation metamorphosed the Saudi landscape from the 1970s onward. Saudis started fleeing the inner cities, choked with car traffic and invaded by foreign migrants, to the peace and isolation of the suburbs. At the same time, autonomous religious movements emerged in the suburbs of Riyadh, Jeddah, Mecca, Medina, and Dammam between the late 1960s and the early 1980s. The Saudi Muslim Brotherhood, created by activists who had fled Egypt, Syria, and Iraq to avoid repression, developed within the cracks of the fledgling educational system. Various Salafi groups soon appeared in reaction to both the Muslim Brotherhood and the increased state control of religion and social life. In the 1970s and 1980s, the relative isolation of the suburbs allowed for the constitution and mobilization of vast activist networks. Religious activists politicized the suburban spaces where consumer debt and welfare benefits, boosted by the oil boom of the 1970s, had fostered political apathy. Islamists found followers through their powerful critique of the religious establishment (the senior Saudi 'ulama') and the country's military and economic alliance with the United States. Scholarship on Saudi religious movements typically focuses on ideology and rarely mentions the impact of US imperial policies on state building and space making. Graveyard of Clerics contests these well-trod narratives, which (1) fail to explain the emergence and resilience of vast political networks in highly repressive environments, (2) overlook the anti-imperialist undertone of religious protests, and (3) focus on elites while being oblivious of the vast majority of everyday activists. Combining interviews, archival research, analysis of secondary sources, and extensive field research, Graveyard of Clerics contends that activists use the spatial resources offered by urban sprawl to organize and protest. Taking Riyadh as a case study, Menoret analyzes what happens to Islamic activists when they hail from a wealthy, religious society. In the suburbs of Riyadh, religious activism is not primarily an expression of socioeconomic frustration. It most often represents conservative, homeowner-based politics in an environment that Islamic activists view as both questionable and promising. The book thus contributes to three bodies of literature: the study of global suburbs, the study of religion in Saudi Arabia, and the study of political activism in suburban spaces."--

Political participation --- Political activists --- Islam and politics --- Suburbs --- Political aspects --- Saudi Arabia --- Politics and government. --- Islamic action. --- Islamic movements. --- activism. --- boredom. --- everyday. --- protest. --- student activism. --- suburbs.